Indonesia Conference Directory

Corresponding Author
Qamaruddin -

Institutions
Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Maritim “AMI”, Jakarta

Abstract
The objective of this research is to examine the mechanical properties and micro structure of body valve bolts of the alloy steel grade B7 material after being applied for more than 12 months by offshore location. The experimental steps conducted in the research were specimens check based on maker specification, preparation of specimens, tensile and hardness tests for mechanical properties and metallography for micro structure, analysis and conclusion. The total specimens used were 18 bolts. Based on the research, it was found that the tensile strength and hardness were 94.9 kgf/mm2 and 30.0 HRC respectively, the micro structure was consisting of ferit and pearlit. Comparing the result of testing of the used body valve bolts to the new ones and to the standard ones by ASTM A193, it can be concluded the used bolts remained re-useable on condition that there were no defect and corrosion existing.

Keywords
body valve bolt, alloy steel grade B7, tensile test, hardness test, offshore application

Topic
Metal alloys, ceramics and composite materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/hbwHaKCURzTE

Corresponding Author
Orapan Hemadhulin

Institutions
a Faculty of Science and Technology, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University,
Sakon Nakhon 47000, Thailand
b Piezoelectric Research Laboratory, Center of Excellence on Alternative Energy, Research and Development Institution, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, Sakon Nakhon 47000, Thailand

Abstract
Abstract The [0.98Pb(Zr0.52, Ti0.48)O30.02Sr(K0.25, Nb0.75)O3] ceramics (PZTSKN) were synthesized by powders of PbO2, ZrO2 , TiO2, K2CO3, SrCO3 and Nb2O5 by solid state reaction method. Then the invention of the tape by tape casting method. Then examine the crystalline structure of PZT-SKN tape ceramic by X-ray diffraction, measuring density and Vickers Hardness, examine the dielectric and ferroelectric property of PZT-SKN tape ceramic. The PZT-SKN tape ceramic have crystal structure of Perovskite type tetragonal and hexagonal lattice parameter a=b=4.036 Å, c=4.138 Å and c/a=1.025. The density = 6.035 g cm–3and Vickers Hardness = 107 N mm–2. The dielectric constant of PZTSKN tape ceramic the r = 1499 at 532 OC. The dielectric and ferroelectric property of PZT-SKN tape ceramic show behavior better Compared to PZT-SKN tablet ceramic.

Keywords
Dielectric; Ferroelectric; PZT-SKN; Piezoelectric tape

Topic
Metal alloys, ceramics and composite materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/f6UNywXmCb2J

Corresponding Author
Simon Sembiring

Institutions
Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Lampung University, Jl. Prof. Soemantri Brojonegoro No.1 Bandar Lampung, 35145, Indonesia,

Abstract
In this study, a modified asphalt preparation was made for roofing materials by adding silica extracted from rice husk.The ratios of asphalt to silica are 1:0, 1:1.6, 1:1.8, and 1:2 by weight, and calcined at the temperature of 150°C for 6 hours. The structuraland microstructural characteristics of asphalt composites were examined by x-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy Dispersive x-ray (SEM-EDX) Spectroscopy and Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA-TGA), respectively. The XRD study revealed that the major phases werecarbon and silica amorphous. The surface morphology of asphalt without silica addition presents a cluster of larger size than the cluster of asphalt with an addition of silica. The addition of silica increased significantly the thermal stability of the asphalt due to the formation of physically crosslinked silica network structure. DTA/TGA analyses produced that temperature decomposition increased with the increasing silica addition from 230 to 315 °C.

Keywords
Rice husk, Silica, Asphalt, Microstructure, Structure

Topic
Metal alloys, ceramics and composite materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/RXH3ZmMECwxq

Corresponding Author
Esmar Budi

Institutions
1Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Science,
Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jl. Rawamangun Muka, Jakarta 13220
2Department of Physcis Education, Faculty of Mathematics and Science,
Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jl. Rawamangun Muka I, Jakarta 13220

Abstract
In the present study, the effect of temperature during electrodeposition of Ni-TiN/Si3N4 and Ni-TiAlN/Si3N4 composite coatings have been studied. The electrodeposition process was carried out for 15 minutes with a current of 5 mA and three electrodes. Pt wire as the counter electrode, AgCl as the reference electrode and tungsten carbide (WC) as the working electrode. The electrolyte solution used consisted of 0,17 M NiCl2.6H2O, 0,38 M Ni2SO4.6H2O, 6 g/L TiN, 6 g/L AlN, 0,6 g/L Si3N4, 40 g/L H3BO3 and 0,6 g/L Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS). In this stydy, the temperature variations used were 35°C, 40°C and 45°C. The samples were characterized by using SEM, EDS, XRD and hardness test. The results and discussion were presented.

Keywords
Ni-TiAlN/Si3N4,Ni-TiAlN/Si3N4 composite layer, electrodeposition, surface morphology,temperature.

Topic
Metal alloys, ceramics and composite materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/6Zc93hJP8bef

Corresponding Author
Aulia Eka Putri

Institutions
Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, State University of Medan, Indonesia

Abstract
This study aims to determine the effect of variations in the composition and size of red sand grains on concrete quality that made in the form of a 15x15x15 cm cube with SNI K-225 standard using a mixture 1:1,9:2,8 with FAS 0,6 with composition of red sand of (0, 2, 4, 5, 6.5)% of the weight of fine aggregate were used and variations in the size of red sand grains of (80, 100, 120)mesh. After treated in a water bath for 28 days, then its tested by the method of water absorption, pressure strength test, SEM and XRD. From the research results of SEM test variations of both affect the porosity of the concrete. XRD test results, obtained by the elements of SiO2, Ca(OH)2, CaCO3, with the highest intensity is SiO2 and the crystal structure formed is hexagonal. The results of the maximum concrete pressure strength test on the composition of 4% due to lower grain size variation of red sand with a grain size of 80 mesh red sand that is 32.3 MPa and has linearity from the results of testing the water absorption of concrete along with decreasing variations in the size of red sand grains.

Keywords
80 mesh Red Sand; 100 mesh Red Sand; 120 mesh Red Sand; Pressure Strength; Water Absorption; SEM; XRD

Topic
Metal alloys, ceramics and composite materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/JTuh6VNdpBc8

Corresponding Author
Setia Budi

Institutions
Department of Chemistry, Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Abstract
Polyaniline film was synthesised by electropolymerization method to produce conductive layer as a substrate for NiCo alloy preparation. The obtained film was characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The electrodeposited polyaniline was emeraldine base with cross-linking and crevice morphology. The film was then employed as working electrode in NiCo electrodeposition. Morphological analysis showed a uniform surface of the metallic deposit was successfully grown onto the polyanyline film with Ni and Co composition of 59.66 wt.% and 29.47 wt%, respectively. This result shows the future application of the electroplymerised polyaniline as a host material for fabrication of ferromagnetic alloy using electrodeposition technique.

Keywords
Electropelymerisation

Topic
Metal alloys, ceramics and composite materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/dAXknup9TmNr

Corresponding Author
Hassakorn Wattanasarn

Institutions
a) Program of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, 680 Nittayo Road, Mueang District, Sakon Nakhon, 47000 Thailand
*w_hussakorn[at]snru.ac.th
b) Center of Excellence on Alternative Energy, Research and Development Institution, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, 680 Nittayo Road, Mueang District, Sakon Nakhon, 47000 Thailand

Abstract
A problem of fabricating piezoelectric tape ceramic was poor for density after sintering. Three-step sintering (3SS) techniques were prepared to obtain tape casting ceramic with density and piezoelectric properties better than conventional sintering (CS). Pb0.976K0.012 Bi0.012[(Zr0.53 Ti0.47)0.99 Nb0.01]O3 ceramic was synthesized using tape casting accompanied with sintering techniques. The green tapes were sintered on three steps temperature that is 870, 970, and 1070 °C, respectively, and compared with two steps over a wide sintering temperature range of 870, and 1050 °C, respectively. The optimum density, dielectric properties, polarization electric field loop, piezoelectric coefficient (d33), and mechanical coupling (kp) were attained by three step sintering. The enhanced remanent polarization of 40 μC cm^–1 and d33 value of 220 – 280 pC N^–1. In addition, kp was enhanced of 0.45 be able to obtain for the tape ceramic.

Keywords
Tape ceramic, Piezoelectric, Three-step sintering, Pb0.976K0.012 Bi0.012[(Zr0.53 Ti0.47)0.99 Nb0.01]O3, Polarization

Topic
Metal alloys, ceramics and composite materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/2hJXdk7bjauE

Corresponding Author
wattana photankham

Institutions
Piezoelectric Research Laboratory, Center of Excellence on Alternative Energy, Research and development institution, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, Thailand

Abstract
The (1-x)Ba(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3-xKNbO3 samples were synthesized by solid state reaction method. The samples were investigating on the crystalline structure, dielectric and ferroelectric properties. XRD pattern were exhibited the microstructure and tetragonal phase for all samples with sintering temperature at 1200 ºC. The results that should 0.2KNbO3 was obtained coexists between tetragonal to cubic phases. The dielectric constant obviously was increased from adding 0.3KNbO3, while the dielectric loss slightly decreases. The P-E loops of sample ceramic showed the ferroelectric behavior, as well as normally ferroelectric and relaxor ferroelectric. In addition, the good ferroelectric properties exhibited Ec = 7.24 kV/cm, Pr = 13.38 µC/cm2 for 0.5KNbO3, which it originated to the contributions of the perovskite structure (tetragonal phase).

Keywords
Microstructure, Dielectric properties, Polarizability, Solid state reaction, Hysteresis loop

Topic
Metal alloys, ceramics and composite materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/WpBYj3JNv2fQ

Corresponding Author
Metarsit Klinbanmor

Institutions
a) Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
b) Research Center for Academic Excellence in Applied Physics, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
*researchcmu[at]yahoo.com

Abstract
Lead-free Bi0.5(Na0.68K0.22Li0.10)0.5TiO3 + 0.003mol Sm2O3 (BNKLT-Sm) ceramics were synthesized via solid-state combustion techniques with calcination of 750–850°C and sintering temperature between 1025 and 1100°C for 2 h. The results showed that increasing the calcination temperature, the percent perovskite phase and particle size of the BNKLT-Sm powders were increased. The BNKLT-Sm powder calcined at 800°C provided the best condition without inducing any impurity phase. For the sintered ceramics, the influence of the sintering temperature on phase formation, microstructure and electrical properties was investigated. All samples sintered at different temperatures possessed a coexisting phase between rhombohedral (R) phase and tetragonal (T) phase and the R phase became dominant when sintering temperature increased. The microstructure of all ceramics showed a rectangular shape and anisotropic growth. The average grain size increased with increasing of sintering temperature. Dielectric and ferroelectric behavior displayed relaxor characteristics in all samples. The maximum dielectric constant at Tm (m) of 4777 and the high remnant polarization (Pr) of 5.03 µC/cm2 were obtained by the densest ceramics (5.85 g/cm3), which sintered at 1075°C.

Keywords
BNKLT-Sm; solid-state combustion; dielectric; ferroelectric

Topic
Metal alloys, ceramics and composite materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/dAEPGFbWgwkx

Corresponding Author
Sigit Dwi Yudanto

Institutions
a) Department of Physics, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI, Depok 16424, Indonesia
*azwar[at]ui.ac.id
b) Research Center for Metallurgy and Materials, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Gedung 470, South Tangerang, Banten, 15314, Indonesia
c) Department of Materials, Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, Surabaya, East Java, 60111, Indonesia
d) Research Center for Physics, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Gedung 440, South Tangerang, Banten, Puspiptek, 15314, Indonesia

Abstract
The results of the influence of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) doping on lattice parameters, the critical temperature and electrical resistivity in MgB2 superconductor are reported. The synthesis road for MgB2 was mechanical milling of all material components which followed by a solid-state reaction at a temperature of 800°C for 1 hour in the open air. Structurally, the CNTs addition for MgB2 was found to decrease the unit cell volume due to a decrease in the a-axis value from 3.086 Å to 3.078 and 3.074 Å when doped with 5 wt.% and 10 wt.% CNTs respectively. The change in structural constants was also accompanied by a modification in the critical temperature of the sample materials which were 39.20 and 38.02 K respectively as evaluated by the cryogenic magnet. In this report, we discuss phase evaluation by a quantitative XRD analysis, the microstructure of doped materials and their respective resistivity value as a function of temperature varied from 5 K to room temperature.

Keywords
MgB2, doping, carbon nanotubes, structural, critical temperature

Topic
Metal alloys, ceramics and composite materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/kZXULCVxmwy9

Corresponding Author
Juan Randy Simamora

Institutions
1Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science, Physics, University of Quality, Berastagi, North Sumatera, Indonesia
2Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science, Physics, Medan State University, Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia
3Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science, Physics, University of North Sumatera, Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia

Abstract
Development of technology, driving a lot of demand for materials that are cheaper, durable, and environmentally friendly for various purposes, especially in the automotive field. The most important safety feature of any vehicle is its braking system. The ability of brakes is to provide safe and repeatable stopping, which is related to safety of automobiles and human. In this study, candlenut shells and coconut shells are used as composite materials in the manufacture of brake linings. The presented research work investigates/explore the mechanical properties of brake pad composites formed candlenuts shell and coconut shell composite and wear performance of friction materials. The specific wear rate generally increases with the increase in applied load and sliding speed for all compositions.

Keywords
brake pad, candlenut shell, coconut shell, composite

Topic
Metal alloys, ceramics and composite materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/MwEuLFfWvdCD

Corresponding Author
Siriprapa Kaewjaeng Kaewjaeng

Institutions
Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand

Abstract
​X-rays are important in diagnostic radiology. If the users lack of understanding of radiation and protection from radiation and proper may cause harm to the workers. Principles of radiation protection are defined by International Commission on Radiological Protection; ICRP) has determined the principles of radiation protection As Low As Reasonably Achievable (ALARA) is the time, distance and shielding. Which reduces the exposure to radiation and can reduce the radiation dose received. Increasing distance from the radiation source can reduce the amount of radiation according to the inverse square law and proper protection is important. In medical radiation shield to materials with high quality. Material commonly used for radiation protection is the lead (Pb). Lead is toxic to the environment in the process. This research studies the properties to prevent X-rays of the elements dysprosium (Dy) by the radiation shielding properties of 59P2O5: 10Al2O3: 20 Na2O: 10 Gd2O3: 1Dy2O3 With 60-120 kVp 200 mA 0.1 s. The results showed that when the concentration of dysprosium is increased. The linear attenuation coefficient and the mass attenuation coefficient increase with increasing of Dy2O3 content in glass matrix. The half value layer (HVL) and the tenth value layer (TVL). And when the X-ray energy is increase value, the linear attenuation coefficient and the mass attenuation coefficient decrease were HVL and TVL are increasing value. The comparison results show that the properties of HVL value in the glass sample was less than the general glass, concrete, and block. The properties of radiation shielding glass in the example has a value of nearby lead glass used in x-ray department. From this research found that the glass example Dy3+ with masking properties of radiation, which are ideal for improved substitution of lead glass in the future.

Keywords
X-ray; Radiation shielding; Dy3+; Glasses; Structural

Topic
Metal alloys, ceramics and composite materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/u4EaNtHBbm89

Corresponding Author
Mulyadi Muljadi

Institutions
Physics Department, MIPA UNiversity Sriwijaya Palembang

Reseach Center for Physics LIPI

Abstract
Alloy of NdFeB powder is used for manufacture of permanent magnet and it has highest magnetic properties compared to other permanent magnet materials such as : Ba-ferrite, AlNiCo and SmCo.The Flakes of NdFeB was made by melt spinn method and it has about 0.2 – 0.3 mm in thickness. The flakes of NdFeB was milled by using High Energy Milling (HEM) machine and used a liquid toluene as milling media. The milling time was varried such as : 30, 60, 90, and 120. After milling, the samples were dried by using Vacuum dryer at temperature 80oC under vacuum (10 mmbar) for 2 hours. The fine powder samples were analyzed crystall structure by using XRD, measured magnetic properties by using VSM and also measured particle size distribution (PSA). The characterization result show that the milling time gives a effect on the crystall structure and magnetic properties, where samples with milling time 60 dan 90 minutes has Fe phase as dominant phase and the Nd2Fe14B phase does not existing also the coercivity value tends to decrease until lower than 100 Oe. Samples with milling time about 30 and 60 minutes have Fe phase and Nd2Fe14B phase also they have corecivity value about 850 – 1040 Oe. The means of particle size is achieved about 1.44 µm at sample with milling time 60 minutes.

Keywords
Magnet Nd2Fe14B, Flakes NdFeB, HEM, coercivity

Topic
Metal alloys, ceramics and composite materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/eKDFN4pdLVWx

Corresponding Author
Adhi Satriyatama

Institutions
(a)Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10 Bandung 40132, Indonesia
*a.satriyatama[at]gmail.com
(b)Department of Material Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10 Bandung 40132, Indonesia
(c) Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10 Bandung 40132, Indonesia

Abstract
SONAR (Sound Navigation and Ranging) has been widely applied civilian and military needs. In order to avoid detection of enemy active sonar, submarines are equipped with acoustic tile which functions to absorb signals from active sonar and reduce the noise caused by the submarine itself. Polyisobutylene which is an active ingredient of material acoustic tile currently has high toxicity to aquatic organisms and manufacturing costs are quite expensive. Polystyrene and graphite as doping material have potential to be applied as an acoustic waves absorbent. In this study, graphite and polystyrene were made as acoustic absorbent acoustic wave composite material. The research begins with the stage of optimizing the percentage of matrix, filler, and thinner with sound absorption intensity parameters at frequencies of 50 Hz-6000 Hz with matrix results: filler: thinner at 79%: 6% 15%. The composite was then characterized by SEM-EDX at a magnification of 150× to 5000 × and calculated the value of its density. Mechanical test is also done by a compressive test with an optimum composite of 60G/40PS of 0.65 MPa. Test for salinity resistance in a solution of 3.5%wt NaCl and 3.5% MgCl2 for 120 hours and obtain optimum results at 80G/20PS. Tests for the absorption of acoustic waves were tested in the frequency range 50 Hz-6300 Hz using an impedance tube with an optimum composition of 0G/100PS.

Keywords
Polystyrene, Graphite, Composite, Acoustic Tile

Topic
Metal alloys, ceramics and composite materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/fFhYGuTLpywk

Corresponding Author
Perdinan Sinuhaji

Institutions
Universitas Sumatera Utara

Abstract
Abstract The purification of zinc oxide has been carried out from zinc dross waste by pyrometallurgy method. The amount of zinc dross waste was cleansed by using aqua DM liquid with ratio of 1:10, then this amount was characterized using XRF to determine chemical compounds contained within the 90% of zinc dross waste, while impurity compositions of Fe, Al, and Mg were found. Hence, the amount of zinc dross waste was mixed to carbonized coffee within two ratios, i.e. 87.5%wt: 12.5%wt, and 75%wt: 25%wt. The mixture samples were then dissolved by aqua DM, followed by milling treatment by performing Planetary Bill Mill for 40 minutes, so that the muddy-phase were obtained. This sample was then filtered and it was heated inside an oven at 100oC for 24 hours to powder. The mixture powder of zinc dross and carbon was then placed in pyrolysis vessel at 1200oC for 2.5 hours. The obtained amount of zinc oxide powder was characterized by using XRF, and this has 98% of purity with impurities element i.e Al2O3, Fe2O3, MgO, and SiO2. Thermal testing was performed for ZnO sample by using DT instrument to investigate the effect heating to the reaction events. The analysis of DTA showed that the mixture sample of zinc dross and carbon had reaction sequences at 800oC. The morphological analysis conducted by SEM and OM depicted that ZnO has agglomeration characteristics with uniformity shape among particles. The size of the particles is between 1,900 µm to 9,378 µm.

Keywords
: zinc oxide, zinc dross, carbonized coffee, pyrometallurgy, purification

Topic
Metal alloys, ceramics and composite materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/XWDFNVHpemcd